Hunting cartridges 3D model
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Hunting cartridges The cartridge (unitary cartridge, Latin unitas - unity) is a munition of small arms and artillery pieces, with which the weapon is being recharged in one operation.A unitary cartridge may be an artillery shot or cartridge in which a projectile (bullet, canister or charge of shot), a charge of gunpowder, an igniting element (primer-igniter) and, sometimes, additional elements are united in a single piece by means of a sleeve.In the early examples of firearms charging from the barrel, a measured charge of gunpowder was poured into the trunk, where it was densified with fake leather, felt or wax with the help of a ramrod; Then a lead bullet of a spherical shape rolled into the barrel and was fixed with one more wad which prevented its uncontrolled movement in the trunk until the moment of the shot. After that it was necessary to pour the seed of the powder from the flask onto the shelf, in which there was a firing opening, which was communicated with the breech-the rear part of the trunk cavity in which the powder charge was-and only then the weapon was ready to be fired.To produce a shot, it was necessary to ignite the priming powder. In the oldest examples of small arms and in old cannons, this was done with the help of a wick that was kindled before the battle and smoldered in its continuation. In later samples, the seed was ignited by a spark resulting from a flint strike on the steel armchair when the trigger triggered.Some increase in the rate of fire was achieved thanks to the invention in the 17th century a cartridge - a kit for the production of a shot. At the powder factory, the metered charges of gunpowder were packaged in paper bags, to which bullets were attached. When charging, the rifle tore the paper shell of the cartridge, [1] poured gunpowder into the barrel of the weapon, used paper as a wad and sent a bullet from above. Regular Russian military formations - archers - carried over the shoulder Berendeyku (a prototype of modern bandolier) - a sling with hanging on the cords wooden pencil cases, in which these packaged charges and bullets were stored. Artillery charges were also packaged in paper or linen capes (from the French cartouche - cartridge).The appearance of the cartridge did not release the shooter from the need to pour the primer on the shelf, and then set it on fire in the production of the shot, which occupied a considerable part of the time during loading. Therefore, in particular, before the invention of a unitary cartridge, the appearance of a real rapid-fire weapon was fundamentally impossible. The shooter was spared this need, when in 1818 the Englishman Joseph Egg invented the capsule. The capsule, which was a copper cap with a flammable initiating mixture inside, was placed separately on the fire tube and, when shot, it was broken by a hammer blow. 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